Apparatus for producing carbon-black.



AAAAAAAA S FOR PRODUGIN CARBON BLACK.

A P P L I C A T I 0 N P I L E D S E T 2 0 1 9 1 l.

1,036,363, Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

2 EEEEEEEEEEEE l.

J. A. SNEE.

APPARATUS FOR UGING CARBON BLACK.

APPLIOATIO BD SEPT. 20, 1911. 1,036,363, Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

EXISTS-SEEE WITNESSES INVENTOFIv JOHN A. SNEE, OF WEST ELIZABETH,PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CARBON-BLACK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Allg. 20, 1912- Applicationfiled September 20, 1911. Serial No. 650,445.

To all 'who/m. z't'may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN A. SNEE, a resident of West Elizabeth, in thecounty of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Carbon- Black, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the production ofcarbon or lamp black fromhydrocarbon gas, as fully set forth hereinafter.

If the carbon black is permitted to remain in the presence of the heatnecessary to recover all of it, it will coke or deteriorate, detractinggreatly from its commercial value and impedmg the operation of thedecomposing apparatus. Heat of great intensity is necessary to thuscompletely decompose the gas, and as the coking tendency is greater inhigher than in lower temperatures, I have had to deal at once with theprovision of a high heat and the preventioi of deterioration. Hence, oneobject herein is to provide for subjecting the material to the influenceof .a lower temperature while within the decomposing zone, this beingaccomplished by maintaining the floor or bottom surface of the chamberat lower temperature than that portion above the floor, so that thecarbon black Vsettles thereon immediately upon being formed, and fromwhich it may be removed with reasonable deliberation unimpaired. Thehigh heat utilized in recovering substantially all they carbon black hasthe further effect of fully calcining the product, so that t-hesubsequent and separate calcining process now usually necessary inproducing high grade carbon black is avoided.

A desirable form of apparatus for practising the invention isillustratedby tne accompanying drawings, Figure l being a central longitudinalsection of the same; Fig. 2 a vertical cross section, and Fig. 3 asectional lan. Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional details of) the refractoryarch.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designates a furnace structure of brick orother material in which is incased the upright hollow arch 3, with theends 4 thereof closed. The arch is constructed of a highly refractorymaterial, such as alundum, and is preferably formed with no bottom, thedecomposing chamber or retort 5 inclosed by the arch having its bottomsurface 5 preferably formed of the material of the furnace structure.Opening' downwardly from opposite ends of arch 3 are the flue-likeoutlets 7, controlled by valves or dampers 8, 8', respectively. Thevalved hydrocarbon gas inlet 9 is entered through one of the arch ends4:, while operating through the opposite end of the arch is rod l0 towhich is secured a scraper ll for scraping the carbon black from thebottom surface 6 into one or the other of the valved outlets 7.

For heating the retort I employ two electrodes l2 and 13 to which theterminals of a suitable electric circuit are connected. These electrodesare entered through recesses at opposite sides of the furnace structure2, and are elongated in the direction of the length of the arch in orderto heatga sufficiently large area of the latter, the electrodes beingrelatively thin or narrow vertically. The extremities of the electrodesyare spaced from arch 3 by a narrow layer of high resistance material 14,preferably broken carbon., which extends upwardly ar )und the arch fromits base flanges 3. With the requisite amperage this resistance materialbrings the arch 3 to a white heat which may range from 1,300 to1,800degrees centigrade, although I prefer the temperature approximating thatlast mentioned the same may range downwardly to the lower temperatureindicated, or even lower, and yet result in practically fulldecomposition sofar as dissociating the carbon is concerned.

As surface 6 is not directly heated its temperature is materially lowerthan t-he zone of which it forms the bottom, so that as the carbon blackis formed and settles the'. on the tendency of-certain tarry substancescontained in the carbon to decompose is immediately forestal'led, andcementing which `causes coking is prevented.

for still y inlet 9, Which may be a few ounces or much greater, asdesired. v

While I prefer to heat the retort electrically and by the arrangementand location of the electrodes shown and described, I do not confinemyself to such heating means,

nor in fact tothe use of electricity as the heating medium.

l. Apparatus for producing carbon black comprising a retort having abottom surface for receiving the carbon black resulting from decomposinga hydrocarbon, and means for maintaining the upper portion of the retortat higher temperature than its bottom surface.

'2. Apparatus for producing carbon black comprising a retort having avalved exit, a hydrocarbon inlet for the retort, the bottom of theretort forming a surface on which the carbon black is depositedfollowing the decomposing process, and means for Aheating' that portionof the retort above said surface to a higher temperature than saidsurface.

A3. Apparatus for producing carbon black comprising av retort having abottom surface for receiving the carbon black, a hydrocarhon inlet forthe retort, and electrical heating means applied to heat the retortabove its bottom to a higher degree than its f bottom. p

i 4. Apparatus for producing carbon black comprising a retort having abottom surface for receiving carbon black resulting from decomposing ahydrocarbon, an arch of refractory material forming top and side wallsfor the retort, and means for heating said arch t-o a higher degree thansaid bottom surface.

5. Apparatus for producin carbon black comprising a retort having aIiottom surface for receiving carbon black resulting -from decomposing ahydrocarbon, and electrical heating means applied to heat the retortabove its bottom to a higher degree than its bottom.

6. Apparatus for produci carbon black comprising a retort having aottoni surface for receiving carbon black resulting from decomposing ahydrocarbon, the retort having side and top Walls of refractorymaterial, high resistance material bearing against the exterior of saidtop and side Walls, and electrodes connected to said resistance materialat opposite sides of the retort.

7. Apparatus for producing carbon black comprising a furnace structurehaving a horizontal surface which provides a retort bottom, a bottomlessarch of refractory Inaterial above said surface, electrodes entered inthe furnace structure at opposite sides thereof, and carbon extendingaround the arch and connecting the electrodes.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presenceof two Witnesses.JOHN A. SNEE. Witnesses:

GUs'rAvE, FERNIKES, J. M. NEsBiT.

